FUNDAMENTALS- Hue, Value and Saturation
Color Wheel – Hue, Value, Saturation

Hue- The quality we identify as the color name, like "blue" or "purple". In the example on the left, the hues are blue, yellow and purple.

Value- The degree of lightness or darkness (black or white) in a color, sometimes known as the brightness. A scale from black to white. In the example on the left, the green on the far left has much more black in it than the green on the right, making the green on the right appear brighter. You add black to a color to "tone it down".

Saturation- The measure of relative intensity or purity of a color. In the example on the left, the red on the far left has a high saturation, or intensity, whereas the red on the right has a low saturation. It almost looks like you are removing pigment from the color making the color more bland or dull.